In general, frost refers to conditions in which the air temperature at a height of 1.2 meters above the ground reaches zero or below zero degrees Celsius.
However, from the point of view of agricultural meteorology, frost refers to the occurrence of low temperatures to the extent that it leads to damage to plant tissues.
This type of freezing is different according to the critical temperatures for each type of product. In other words, frostbite refers to the occurrence of a sudden drop in temperature outside of the expected time (premature cold).
In other words, the main cause of damages caused by cold can be considered Temperature Stress.
This stress includes chilling stress and freezing stress.
Mechanism of freezing
We have two types of freezing:
- Intracellular
- Extracellular
In the extracellular type, the temperature gradually decreases and the water in the intercellular space freezes and the water inside the cell moves out due to high pressure and plasmolysis occurs.
In resistant plants, ice crystals in the intercellular space do not harm the plant. In the last stage of plant resistance, the remaining water in the protoplast freezes and the formation of ice crystals causes the membrane to rupture (death point).
In most trees, the water inside the cell freezes in extremely cold weather below -100 degrees. The formation of ice crystals inside the protoplast will destroy the membranes and cells (darkening of the tissue).
In young trees, the water absorbed by the roots freezes between the xylem and the cambium and causes cracks in the bark.
Introducing the anti-freeze device of the diesel tongue
The anti-freeze device is designed and manufactured in Kaveh Windmill Company to prevent the penetration of spring cold into gardens and trees.
This device prevents the formation of ice crystals by creating heat waves in the air. The device is produced in different dimensions and sizes at Badfarz company.
In this catalog, the Rosban diesel engine is introduced.
1. Comparison with the sprinkling method
In the sprinkler method, a large amount of water is needed to protect against frost.
For each hectare of the garden, about 30 cubic meters of water should be sprinkled on the trees in one hour (equivalent to a flow rate of 8 liters per second).
In most gardens in Iran, such a volume of water cannot be provided.
Furthermore, spraying water causes the ground to become muddy, it does not dry for several days and washes away nutrients from the soil.
2. Comparison with wind machines
Wind machines are effective when the temperature of the upper layers is higher than the surface of the earth in radiation freezing.
These machines with big propellers and engines of about 200 horsepower bring the warm air to the surface of the upper layers.
But their use is limited to freezing up to about -2 degrees Celsius.
3. Comparison with garden heaters
In using heaters, 100 to 200 heaters are needed per hectare.
Turning them on in critical situations is time-consuming and difficult.
In spite of this, the drop in temperature, even for 30 minutes below zero, damages the flowers.
Roseban diesel engine works on the basis of thermal wave and oscillation, not just heat production.
This issue causes less fuel consumption and higher reliability.
How the device works
By connecting the anti-freeze device to the tractor by Guardan, the driving force is transferred from the tractor to the device.
The fan of the device is activated and by blowing air into the lit burner, the incoming air turns into hot air.
Hot air is thrown out from two fan outlets on both sides of the device.
The device uses diesel fuel to light the burner and the output heat reaches 70 degrees Celsius.
There are two tanks in the device:
The existence of this fog prevents plants from freezing.
The tractor movement plan should be designed in advance.
This device can be used in gardens of one hectare.
Due to the simultaneous production of heat, smoke and fog, you can take care of the garden with confidence.
benefits
- Preventing spring cold penetration
- Increasing product quality and quantity
- Advancing harvesting time
- Usable in different weather conditions
- Quick start-up
- Low maintenance cost
Technical specifications of the device
- Garden coverage amount
- 1 hectare
- Dimensions (length*width*height)
- 300*210*190
- Total weight of the device
- 1200 kg
- Heat projection power
- 40 meters from each Output
- Diesel consumption rate per hour
- 30 liters
- Volume of diesel and burnt oil storage tank
- 500 liters
- Maximum tractor power
- 6 cylinders equivalent to 60 horsepower
- Body type
- Sheet st37
- The type of torch used
- Gasoline torch
- The type of fan used
- Two-way outlet fan
- Connections
- Diesel valves, nozzles and bolts and welding co2
- wheel
- 2 pieces
- water tank and Vicado
- 200 liters
Installation, maintenance and safety instructions
Safety tips
- Tractor engine produces carbon monoxide (odorless, colorless and poisonous gas). Inhaling it will cause nausea, fainting or death.
- Work with extreme caution when there are visibility obstacles.
- No one should be within a 10-meter radius when the machine is active.
- If the shaft circumference is reduced, the exhaust temperature will increase and there is a risk of burns.
- Do not stop between trees.
- When full before moving or pulling the machine, make sure it is properly connected to the tractor.
- Make sure there are no leaks in the diesel tank.
- Check the health of the tractor and that the fuel tank is full.
- Connect the rope to the tractor.
Important tips for using the device
- Plan the movement of the tractor in advance.
- The distance between the tracks should be between 50 and 100 meters.
- Before practical use, do a trial run.
- Keep the fan speed constant during work.
Start and stop time
Turn on the device before the ambient temperature reaches zero degrees.
For full protection, start working at 6 pm so that the device can take effect before the cold.
The device must first work for 30 to 45 minutes and then start circulation.
The speed of movement should be such that one full round of the garden is covered every 8 minutes.
Wet temperature measurement method:
Place a one square meter plastic foil on the ground in the coldest part of the garden. Place the temperature sensor on the foil.
As soon as the temperature reaches zero degrees, turn on the device.
Finishing work, maintenance
Torch:
Does not require maintenance.
Fan and gearbox:
Maintenance includes only the following:
- Every 10 working hours, the fan bearings should be lubricated at the top and bottom.
- The shaft should be lubricated.
- At the beginning of the season, check the tire pressure.
- After 200 working hours or every two years, change the gearbox oil.